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Ann. Geophys., 20, 1693-1697, 2002
www.ann-geophys.net/20/1693/2002/
© European Geosciences Union 2002
Letter to the Editor
Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2
V. Bidoli1, M. Casolino1, De Pascale1, G. Furano1, A. Iannucci1, A. Morselli1, P. Picozza1, R. Sparvoli1, A. Bakaldin2, A. Galper2, S. Koldashov2, M. Korotkov2, A. Leonov2, V. Mikhailov2, S. Voronov2, M. Boezio3, V. Bonvicini3, A. Vacchi3, G. Zampa3, N. Zampa3, M. Ambriola4, F. Cafagna4, M. Circella4, C. De Marzo4, O. Adriani5, P. Papini5, P. Spillantini5, S. Straulino5, E. Vannuccini5, M. Ricci6, and G. Castellini7
1University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
2Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
3University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
4University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
5University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
6INFN National Laboratories of Frascati, Frascati, Italy
7Institute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara", CNR, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
(Roberta.Sparvoli@roma2.infn.it)
Abstract. In this paper we report on the energy
spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and
NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux
as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument
NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an
altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA,
was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed
understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is
important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s
magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for
scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g
astronomy telescopes.
Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic
particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)
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